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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Surgery and Oncology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Surgery and Oncology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Хирургия и онкология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="electronic">2949-5857</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">919</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/2949-5857-2026-16-1-86-98</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL REPORT</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНОЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Causes of stenting complications for malignant colorectal stenosis in patients with acute obstructive colonic obstruction</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Причины осложнений стентирования опухолевых стриктур толстой кишки у пациентов с острой обтурационной кишечной непроходимостью</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-9397-6289</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Solijonova</surname><given-names>Khosiyat T.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Солиджанова</surname><given-names>Хосият Толибовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>dr.tolibovna@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2246-4311</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Semenenko</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Семененко</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>dr.tolibovna@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4761-5793</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Voynovskiy</surname><given-names>A. E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Войновский</surname><given-names>А. Е.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>dr.tolibovna@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0548-7367</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Barbado Mamedova</surname><given-names>P. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Барбадо Мамедова</surname><given-names>П. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>dr.tolibovna@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1348-0448</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kanadashvili</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Канадашвили</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>dr.tolibovna@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0358-8968</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sinyavin</surname><given-names>G. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Синявин</surname><given-names>Г. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>dr.tolibovna@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-8726-1127</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Iskandarova</surname><given-names>A. R.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Искандарова</surname><given-names>А. Р.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>dr.tolibovna@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia (Sechenov University)</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГАОУ ВО Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И. М. Сеченова Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет)</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">S.S. Yudin Moscow City Clinical Hospital, Moscow Healthcare Department</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ГБУЗ г. Москвы «Городская клиническая больница им. С. С. Юдина Департамента здравоохранения г. Москвы»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-03-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>16</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>86</fpage><lpage>98</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2026-03-12"><day>12</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2026-03-12"><day>12</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2026, ABV-press</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2026, АБВ-пресс</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">ABV-press</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">АБВ-пресс</copyright-holder><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://onco-surgery.info/jour/about/editorialPolicies</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://onco-surgery.info/jour/article/view/919">https://onco-surgery.info/jour/article/view/919</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Aim.</bold> To determine the causes and incidence of intra- and postoperative complications in the placement of self-expanding metallic stents in patients with acute malignant colonic obstruction.</p> <p><bold>Materials and methods.</bold> The results of stenting in 307 patients with acute obstructive malignant colonic obstruction who underwent treatment at the S. S. Yudin City Clinical Hospital between 2018 and 2023 were analyzed.</p> <p><bold>Results.</bold> Complete clinical effect was achieved in 83.1 % of cases (<italic>n</italic> = 255) following the placement of self-expanding metallic stents. Stent-related complications were observed in 16.9 % (<italic>n</italic> = 52) of cases. These included perforation in 23 patients, incomplete stent apposition in 20 patients, stent migration in 8 cases, and irreversible intestinal ischemia due to colonic dilatation in 1 patient. Predictors of ineffective stenting included: diameter of residual lumen ≤2 mm; increased rigidity of the tumor stricture; deformation of the narrowed lumen with sharp angulation at anatomical bends; and the presence of an additional stricture. A statistically significant association between complications and the following factors was identified. Stent deployment diameter: the median and IQR in the complication-free group was 10.0 mm (interquartile range 7.6–12.0), while in the group with complications it was 8.0 mm (interquartile range 6.0–10.0) (<italic>p</italic> = 0.049; Mann–Whitney U test). Subcompensated and decompensated forms of acute colonic obstruction (95 % confidence interval (CI) 1.1–7.7; <italic>p</italic> = 0.033; Cramer’s V was 0.148). Chemotherapy: odds ratio (OR) was 2.3; 95 % CI 1.1–4.9; p = 0.035 (Pearson’s χ<sup>2</sup> test, Cramer’s V 0.120). Radiotherapy: OR 2.8; 95 % CI 1.3–17.7; p = 0.044 (Pearson’s χ<sup>2</sup> test, Cramer’s V 0.106). Cancer stage &gt;3B: OR 2.6; 95 % CI 1.3–5.5; p = 0.008 (Pearson’s χ<sup>2</sup> test, Cramer’s V 0.151). Diameter of the proximal loop of the colon above the tumor stricture ≥80 mm: OR 1.6; 95 % CI 1.0–3.4; p = 0.05 (Pearson’s χ<sup>2</sup> test, Cramer’s V 0.100). Tumor location in the sigmoid colon: OR 1.6; 95 % CI 1.1–3.0; <italic>p</italic> = 0.049 (Pearson’s χ<sup>2</sup> test, Cramer’s V 0.101). Tumor location in the rectosigmoid colon: OR 2.9; 95 % CI 1.2–7.3; <italic>p</italic> = 0.016 (Pearson’s χ<sup>2</sup> test, Cramer’s V 0.187). Overall mortality was 7.2 % (<italic>n</italic> = 22). Stent-related mortality was reported in 15 (4.9 %) patients.</p> <p><bold>Conclusion.</bold> The placement of self-expanding metallic stents for colorectal stenting is a safe and effective approach to relieving acute obstructive malignant colonic obstruction. Potential predictors of stenting failure were identified.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Цель исследования</bold> – определение причин и частоты возникновения интра- и послеоперационных осложнений при установке саморасширяющихся металлических стентов у больных с острой опухолевой кишечной непроходимостью.</p> <p><bold>Материалы и методы.</bold> Проанализированы результаты стентирования 307 пациентов с острой обтурационной кишечной непроходимостью опухолевого генеза, обратившихся в Городскую клиническую больницу им. С. С. Юдина (Москва) в период с 2018 по 2023 г.</p> <p><bold>Результаты.</bold> В результате установки саморасширяющегося металлического стента полный клинический эффект достигнут в 255 (83,1 %) случаях.</p> <p>Осложнения, связанные со стентированием, наблюдались в 52 (16,9 %) случаях. У 23 пациентов имела место перфорация, у 20 – неполное раскрытие стента, в 8 случаях произошла миграция стента, у 1 пациента осложнением стала необратимая ишемия кишечника на фоне дилатации.</p> <p>Предикторами неэффективного стентирования стали диаметр остаточного просвета ≤2 мм, повышенная ригидность опухолевой стриктуры, деформация суженного просвета с образованием резких углов в местах анатомических изгибов и наличие дополнительной стриктуры. Выявлена статистически значимая зависимость возникновения осложнений от диаметра раскрытия стента (в группе без осложнений медиана составила 10,0 мм (межквартильный интервал 7,6–12,0), в группе с осложнениями – 8,0 мм (межквартильный интервал 6,0–10,0); <italic>р</italic> = 0,049; U-критерий Манна–Уитни); наличия субкомпенсированной и декомпенсированной форм острой кишечной непроходимости (95 % доверительный интервал (ДИ) 1,1–7,7; <italic>р</italic> = 0,033; сила критерия V Крамера 0,148), химиотерапии (отношение шансов (ОШ) 2,3; 95 % ДИ 1,1–4,9; <italic>р</italic> = 0,035; критерий χ<sup>2</sup> Пирсона; сила критерия V Крамера 0,120) и лучевой терапии (ОШ 2,8; 95 % ДИ 1,3–17,7; <italic>р</italic> = 0,044; критерий χ<sup>2</sup> Пирсона; сила критерия V Крамера 0,106); стадии рака IIIВ и выше (ОШ 2,6; 95 % ДИ 1,3–5,5; <italic>р</italic> = 0,008; критерий χ<sup>2</sup> Пирсона; сила критерия V Крамера 0,151); диаметра приводящей петли толстой кишки выше опухолевой стриктуры ≥80 мм (ОШ 1,6; 95 % ДИ 1,0–3,4; <italic>р</italic> = 0,05; критерий χ<sup>2</sup> Пирсона; сила критерия V Крамера 0,100); а также от локализации опухоли в сигмовидной кишке (ОШ 1,6; 95 % ДИ 1,1–3,0; <italic>р</italic> = 0,049; критерий χ<sup>2</sup> Пирсона; сила критерия V Крамера 0,101) и ректосигмоидном отделе толстой кишки (ОШ 2,9; 95 % ДИ 1,2–7,3; <italic>р</italic> = 0,016; критерий χ<sup>2</sup> Пирсона; сила критерия V Крамера 0,187).</p> <p>Общая летальность составила 7,2 % (<italic>n </italic>= 22). Летальность, связанная со стентированием, отмечена у 15 (4,9 %) пациентов.</p> <p><bold>Заключение.</bold> Колоректальное стентирование с использованием саморасширяющегося металлического стента является безопасным и эффективным методом устранения острой обтурационной опухолевой толстокишечной непроходимости. Выявлены возможные предикторы неэффективности стентирования.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>colorectal cancer</kwd><kwd>stenting</kwd><kwd>self-expandable metallic stent</kwd><kwd>stricture</kwd><kwd>stenosis</kwd><kwd>obstruction</kwd><kwd>bowel obstruction</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>колоректальный рак</kwd><kwd>стентирование</kwd><kwd>саморасширяющийся металлический стент</kwd><kwd>стриктура</kwd><kwd>стеноз</kwd><kwd>обструкция</kwd><kwd>кишечная непроходимость</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Pisano M., Zorcolo L., Merli C. et al. 2017 WSES guidelines on colon and rectal cancer emergencies: obstruction and perforation. World J Emerg Surg 2018;13(1):36. DOI: 10.1186/s13017-018-0192-3</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Esswein K., Ninkovic M., Gasser E. et al. 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