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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Surgery and Oncology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Surgery and Oncology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Хирургия и онкология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="electronic">2949-5857</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">882</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/2949-5857-2026-16-1-108-115</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CASE REPORT</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКОЕ НАБЛЮДЕНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Cholangiocellular carcinoma associated with liver cirrhosis and recurrent esophageal variceal bleeding: a clinical case</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Холангиоцеллюлярный рак на фоне цирроза печени с рецидивирующими варикозными кровотечениями из вен пищевода: клинический случай</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4806-0144</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Dedov</surname><given-names>Aleksey V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дедов</surname><given-names>Алексей Владимирович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Department of Propaedeutics of Internal Diseases</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кафедра пропедевтики внутренних болезней</p></bio><email>dedov1965.d@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sikorskaya</surname><given-names>Yu. N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сикорская</surname><given-names>Ю. Н.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Gastroenterology Department</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>отделение гастроэнтерологии</p></bio><email>dedov1965.d@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bekov</surname><given-names>M. R.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Беков</surname><given-names>М. Р.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Surgery Department No. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>отделение хирургии № 1</p></bio><email>dedov1965.d@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Savishchev</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Савищев</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Department of Pathological Anatomy</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кафедра патологической анатомии</p></bio><email>dedov1965.d@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Astrakhan State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «Астраханский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">S. M. Kirov City Clinical Hospital No. 3</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ГБУЗ АО «Городская клиническая больница № 3 им. С. М. Кирова»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-03-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>16</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>108</fpage><lpage>115</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-12-18"><day>18</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2026, ABV-press</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2026, АБВ-пресс</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">ABV-press</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">АБВ-пресс</copyright-holder><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://onco-surgery.info/jour/about/editorialPolicies</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://onco-surgery.info/jour/article/view/882">https://onco-surgery.info/jour/article/view/882</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Background.</bold> Cholangiocarcinoma is a rare primary liver malignancy accounting for 10–15 % of hepatic cancers. Diagnosis of this condition in the setting of cirrhosis is challenging and is often established posthumously.</p> <p><bold>Clinical case.</bold> A 47-year-old male patient with chronic alcohol abuse and hepatitis C seropositivity presented with acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding on March 18, 2025. Child–Pugh class B cirrhosis, portal hypertension, and esophageal varices (grade II–III) were diagnosed. Ultrasonography showed multiple focal liver lesions suggestive of malignancy. The patient failed to comply with oncology consultation and continued his previous lifestyle. Over the subsequent 7-month period, the patient experienced four episodes of massive variceal hemorrhage requiring intensive hemostatic therapy and massive blood transfusions. Successful endoscopic variceal ligation was performed during the third admission. Death occurred during the fourth hemorrhagic episode (October 4, 2025). Autopsy and histopathological examination revealed cholangiocarcinoma of the intrahepatic bile ducts (International Classification of Diseases 10 (ICD-10) code C22.1) with multiple hepatic metastases on a background of mixed-etiology micro-macronodular cirrhosis (hepatitis C virus + chronic alcohol intoxication).</p> <p><bold>Conclusion.</bold> This case illustrates diagnostic challenges of detecting cholangiocarcinoma in cirrhotic patients, progressive severity of recurrent variceal hemorrhages, and natural progression of untreated disease. It emphasizes the importance of active cancer surveillance, morphological verification, and the high effectiveness of endoscopic variceal ligation.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Введение. </bold>Холангиоцеллюлярный рак (холангиокарцинома) – редкое первичное злокачественное новообразование печени, составляющее 10–15 % всех злокачественных опухолей печени. Диагностика данного заболевания на фоне цирроза печени представляет значительные трудности и часто осуществляется посмертно.</p> <p><bold>Клинический случай.</bold> Пациент М. А.Н., 47 лет, с хронической алкогольной интоксикацией и серопозитивностью по гепатиту С, был экстренно доставлен в стационар с острым желудочно-кишечным кровотечением 18 марта 2025 г. Диагностированы цирроз печени класса В по Child–Pugh, портальная гипертензия и варикозное расширение вен пищевода II–III степени. При ультразвуковом исследовании выявлены множественные очаговые образования в печени, подозрительные на злокачественную опухоль. Пациент не явился на консультацию к онкологу и продолжил прежний образ жизни. В течение последующих 7 мес произошло 4 эпизода массивного варикозного кровотечения, требовавших интенсивной гемостатической терапии и массивной гемотрансфузии. При 3-й госпитализации успешно выполнено эндоскопическое лигирование варикозных вен. Смерть наступила при 4-м эпизоде кровотечения (4 октября 2025 г.). При патологоанатомическом вскрытии и гистологическом исследовании установлен диагноз холангиоцеллюлярного рака внутрипеченочных желчных протоков (код Международной классификации болезней 10 пересмотра C22.1) с множественными метастазами в паренхиму печени на фоне микро-макронодулярного цирроза смешанной этиологии (вирус гепатита С + хроническая алкогольная интоксикация).</p> <p><bold>Заключение.</bold> Представленный случай иллюстрирует диагностические трудности выявления холангиокарциномы у пациентов с циррозом печени, прогрессирующее нарастание тяжести рецидивирующих варикозных кровотечений и естественное течение нелеченого заболевания. Подчеркиваются важность активного онкопоиска, морфологической верификации диагноза и высокая эффективность эндоскопического лигирования варикозных вен.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>cholangiocellular carcinoma</kwd><kwd>cholangiocarcinoma</kwd><kwd>cirrhosis</kwd><kwd>portal hypertension</kwd><kwd>esophageal varices</kwd><kwd>hemorrhage</kwd><kwd>hepatitis C</kwd><kwd>autopsy</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>холангиоцеллюлярный рак</kwd><kwd>холангиокарцинома</kwd><kwd>цирроз печени</kwd><kwd>портальная гипертензия</kwd><kwd>варикозное расширение вен пищевода</kwd><kwd>кровотечение</kwd><kwd>гепатит С</kwd><kwd>аутопсия</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Razumilava N., Gores G.J. Cholangiocarcinoma. Lancet 2014;383(9935):2168–79. 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