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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Surgery and Oncology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Surgery and Oncology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Хирургия и онкология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="electronic">2949-5857</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">828</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/2949-5857-2025-15-3-11-21</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>LITERATURE REVIEW</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОР ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Changes in clinical guidelines of 2023 and 2025 on treatment of cutaneous and mucosal melanoma</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Изменения в клинических рекомендациях по лечению меланомы кожи и слизистых оболочек 2023 и 2025 гг.</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7150-5071</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Samoylenko</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Самойленко</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>24 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2163-1752</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Belenkaya</surname><given-names>Ya. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Беленькая</surname><given-names>Я. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>24 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522</p><p>Build. 2, 8 Trubetskaya St., Moscow 119048</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Яна Владимировна Беленькая</p><p>115522 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24</p><p>119048 Москва, ул. Трубецкая, 8, стр. 2</p></bio><email>yana-belenkaya@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4754-2352</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Abramov</surname><given-names>M. E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Абрамов</surname><given-names>М. 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Д.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>3 2<sup>nd</sup> Botkinskiy Proezd, Moscow 125284</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125284 Москва, 2‑й Боткинский пр-д, 3</p></bio></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6510-7883</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Banov</surname><given-names>S. M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Банов</surname><given-names>С. 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Ленинградская, 68</p></bio></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0976-4547</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Golanov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Голанов</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>16 4th Tverskaya-Yamskaya St., Moscow 125047</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125047 Москва, 4‑я Тверская-Ямская ул., 16</p></bio></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8562-6082</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Demidov</surname><given-names>L. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Демидов</surname><given-names>Л. 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В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>68 Leningradskaya St., Pesochnyy, Saint Petersburg 197758</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>197758 Санкт-Петербург, п. Песочный, ул. Ленинградская, 68</p></bio></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0442-5917</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Orlova</surname><given-names>K. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Орлова</surname><given-names>К. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>24 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24</p></bio></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0307-8252</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Saribekyan</surname><given-names>E. K.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сарибекян</surname><given-names>Э. К.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>3 2<sup>nd</sup> Botkinskiy Proezd, Moscow 125284</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125284 Москва, 2‑й Боткинский пр-д, 3</p></bio></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7204-370X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Trofimova</surname><given-names>O. P.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Трофимова</surname><given-names>О. П.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>24 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24</p></bio></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4927-5585</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Fedenko</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Феденко</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>3 2<sup>nd</sup> Botkinskiy Proezd, Moscow 125284</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125284 Москва, 2‑й Боткинский пр-д, 3</p></bio></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8135-4841</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kharatishvili</surname><given-names>T. K.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Харатишвили</surname><given-names>Т. К.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>24 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24</p></bio></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5487-2299</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kharkevich</surname><given-names>G. Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Харкевич</surname><given-names>Г. Ю.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>24 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24</p></bio></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1973-1092</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Yurchenkov</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Юрченков</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>27 Istra, Moscow Region 143515</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Московская область, п. Истра, 27</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff17"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н. Н. Блохина» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">2I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia (Sechenov University)N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н. Н. Блохина» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГАОУ ВО Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И. М. Сеченова Минздрава России&#13;
(Сеченовский Университет)</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="en">N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н. Н. Блохина» Минздрава России</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="en">P.A. Hertzen Moscow Oncology Research Institute – branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Center, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff5"><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Московский научно-исследовательский онкологический институт им. П. А. Герцена – филиал ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр радиологии» Минздрава России</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="en">N.N. Burdenko National Medical Research Center of Neurosurgery, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff6"><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГАУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр нейрохирургии им. акад. Н. Н. Бурденко» Минздрава России</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="en">N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff7"><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н. Н. Блохина» Минздрава России</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="en">N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff8"><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н. Н. Петрова» Минздрава России</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="en">N.N. Burdenko National Medical Research Center of Neurosurgery, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff9"><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н. Н. Блохина» Минздрава России</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Saint Petersburg City Clinical Oncology Dispensary</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff10"><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">СПбГБУЗ «Городской клинический онкологический диспансер»</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Research Institute of Translational Medicine, N. I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff11"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">M.M. Shemyakin and Yu. A. Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Научно-исследовательский институт трансляционной медицины ФГБОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н. И. Пирогова» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff12"><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУН «Институт биоорганической химии им. М. М. Шемякина и Ю. А. Овчинникова»</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Russian Biotechnology University (Rosbiotekh)</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff13"><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «Российский биотехнологический университет (Росбиотех)»</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="en">N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff14"><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н. Н. Петрова» Минздрава России</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="en">N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff15"><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Московский научно-исследовательский онкологический институт им. П. А. Герцена – филиал ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр радиологии» Минздрава России</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="en">N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff16"><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н. Н. Блохина» Минздрава России</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Moscow City Oncology Hospital No. 62, Moscow Healthcare Department</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff id="aff17"><institution>ГБУЗ «Московская городская онкологическая больница № 62 Департамента  здравоохранения г. Москвы»</institution></aff><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-09-03" publication-format="electronic"><day>03</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>15</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>11</fpage><lpage>21</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-08-31"><day>31</day><month>08</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-08-31"><day>31</day><month>08</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, ABV-press</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, АБВ-пресс</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">ABV-press</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">АБВ-пресс</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://onco-surgery.info/jour/about/editorialPolicies</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://onco-surgery.info/jour/article/view/828">https://onco-surgery.info/jour/article/view/828</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article presents a comparative analysis of Russian clinical recommendations on treatment of melanoma of the skin and mucous membranes during a period of 2020 and 2023, as well as foreign recommendations of N CCN (National Comprehensive Cancer Network) and ESMO (European Society for Medical Oncology) of 2025. The main debatable issues related to changes on melanoma therapy in 2025 are presented for discussion. The topic of modifying the treatment of patients with melanoma with metastases in the brain is highlighted. New treatment options for patients with metastatic and unresectable (stage IIIC–D) melanoma are discussed, as well as the neoadjuvant and adjuvant therapy options for stage II–III cutaneous melanoma. Various treatment options for patients with local stage melanoma are considered. Among other, the recommendations of 2025 are supplemented with treatment options for melanoma in children.<bold>Aim</bold>. To highlight changes in clinical guidelines for treatment of melanoma of the skin and mucous membranes for use in daily clinical practice.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В статье представлен сравнительный анализ российских клинических рекомендаций по лечению меланомы кожи и слизистых оболочек 2020 и 2023 гг., а также зарубежных рекомендаций NCCN (National Comprehensive Cancer Network, Национальная комплексная онкологическая сеть) и ESMO (European Society for Medical Oncology, Европейское общество медицинской онкологии) 2025 г. Выявленные изменения обоснованы наиболее доказательными данными литературы. Вынесены на обсуждение основные дискутабельные вопросы, касающиеся изменений в терапии меланомы в 2025 г. Затрагивается тема модификации лечения больных меланомой с метастазами в головном мозге. Обсуждаются новые опции терапии пациентов с метастатической и нерезектабельной (IIIC–D стадии) меланомой, а также варианты неоадъювантной и адъювантной терапии меланомы кожи II–III стадии. Рассматриваются различные варианты лечения больных с локальной стадией меланомы. Помимо прочего, рекомендации 2025 г. дополнены вариантами лечения меланомы у детей.Также освещаются изменения в клинических рекомендациях по лечению меланомы кожи и слизистых оболочек для использования в ежедневной клинической практике.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>melanoma</kwd><kwd>clinical guidelines</kwd><kwd>neoadjuvant therapy</kwd><kwd>adjuvant therapy</kwd><kwd>stereotactic radiotherapy</kwd><kwd>whole-brain irradiation</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>меланома</kwd><kwd>клинические рекомендации</kwd><kwd>неоадъювантная терапия</kwd><kwd>адъювантная терапия</kwd><kwd>стереотаксическая радиотерапия</kwd><kwd>облучение всего головного мозга</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Luke J.J., Rutkowski P., Queirolo P. et al. 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