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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Surgery and Oncology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Surgery and Oncology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Хирургия и онкология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="electronic">2949-5857</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">826</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/2949-5857-2025-15-4-76-81</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CASE REPORT</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКОЕ НАБЛЮДЕНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Application of reconstructive plastic surgery techniques in the treatment aggressive spinal osteoblastoma: clinical case</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Опыт применения метода реконструктивно-пластической хирургии при лечении агрессивной формы остеобластомы позвоночника: клинический случай</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5837-9584</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Snetkov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Снетков</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>isnetkov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9960-9427</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gamayunov</surname><given-names>R. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гамаюнов</surname><given-names>Р. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>isnetkov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-2228-1405</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ishkinyaev</surname><given-names>I. D.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ишкиняев</surname><given-names>И. Д.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>isnetkov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2310-0106</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Romantsova</surname><given-names>O. M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Романцова</surname><given-names>О. М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>isnetkov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">N.N. Priorov National Medical Research Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр травматологии и ортопедии им. Н.Н. Приорова» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н.Н. Блохина» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-12-21" publication-format="electronic"><day>21</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>15</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>76</fpage><lpage>81</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-08-03"><day>03</day><month>08</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Snetkov A.A., Gamayunov R.S., Ishkinyaev I.D., Romantsova O.M.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Снетков А.А., Гамаюнов Р.С., Ишкиняев И.Д., Романцова О.М.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Snetkov A.A., Gamayunov R.S., Ishkinyaev I.D., Romantsova O.M.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Снетков А.А., Гамаюнов Р.С., Ишкиняев И.Д., Романцова О.М.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://onco-surgery.info/jour/article/view/826">https://onco-surgery.info/jour/article/view/826</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Spinal osteoblastoma is a rare benign tumor characterized by aggressive growth and high risk of recurrence. Surgical treatment requires ablative tumor removal followed by reconstruction of the postresection cavity to restore spinal load-bearing capacity, especially in children who experience further bone growth. This article presents a clinical case of a 17-year-old patient with an aggressive osteoblastoma of the Th4–5 vertebrae, accompanied by severe pain syndrome and spinal canal stenosis. As part of neoadjuvant therapy, denosumab was used off label, leading to tumor sclerosis, pain reduction, and improved visualization of the tumor margins. Surgical intervention included radical tumor resection, transpedicular fixation, and defect replacement with a customized allograft modeled according to the patient’s anatomical features. Postoperative follow-up confirmed complete tumor removal and hardware stability. This clinical case demonstrates a successful application of a combined approach in treating aggressive spinal osteoblastoma, including neoadjuvant denosumab therapy, ablative tumor removal, and reconstruction of an extensive defect with a customized allograft and metal fixation. This case highlights the importance of a multidisciplinary approach and the need for individualized surgical planning, considering tumor stage and anatomical features.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Остеобластома позвоночника – редкая доброкачественная опухоль, характеризующаяся агрессивным ростом и высоким риском рецидива. Хирургическое лечение требует абластичного удаления опухоли с последующей реконструкцией пострезекционной полости для восстановления опороспособности позвоночника, особенно у детей, с учетом дальнейшего роста костной ткани. В статье представлен клинический случай 17-летнего пациента с агрессивной остеобластомой позвонков Th4–Th5, сопровождавшейся выраженным болевым синдромом и стенозом позвоночного канала. В качестве неоадъювантной терапии в рамках off-label применен препарат деносумаб, что позволило добиться склерозирования опухоли, уменьшения боли и улучшения визуализации границ новообразования. Хирургическое вмешательство включало радикальную резекцию опухоли, транспедикулярную фиксацию позвоночника и замещение дефекта индивидуальным аллотрансплантатом, смоделированным с учетом анатомических особенностей пациента. Результаты наблюдения в послеоперационный период подтвердили полное удаление опухоли и стабильность конструкции. Представленный клинический случай демонстрирует успешное применение комбинированного подхода в лечении агрессивной остеобластомы позвоночника, включающего неоадъювантную терапию деносумабом, абластичное удаление опухоли и реконструкцию обширного дефекта индивидуальным аллотрансплантатом с металлофиксацией. Данное наблюдение подчеркивает важность междисциплинарного подхода и необходимость индивидуального планирования оперативного вмешательства с учетом стадии опухоли и анатомических особенностей позвоночника больного.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>spinal osteoblastoma</kwd><kwd>denosumab</kwd><kwd>spinal fusion</kwd><kwd>bone grafting with allograft</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>остеобластома позвоночника</kwd><kwd>деносумаб</kwd><kwd>спондилодез</kwd><kwd>костная пластика аллотрансплантатом</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Jaffe H.L. 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