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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Surgery and Oncology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Surgery and Oncology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Хирургия и онкология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="electronic">2949-5857</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">785</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/2949-5857-2025-15-1-83-90</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CASE REPORT</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ НАБЛЮДЕНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Giant gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumor (clinical case)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Гигантская гастроинтестинальная стромальная опухоль желудка (клиническое наблюдение)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3449-0549</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zvezda</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Звезда</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Sergey Alexandrovich Zvezda</bold></p><p><italic>32 Barnaulskaya St., Tyumen 625041</italic></p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Сергей Александрович Звезда</bold></p><p><italic>625041 Тюмень, ул. Барнаульская, 32</italic></p></bio><email>doctor.zvezda@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Emelyanova</surname><given-names>O. Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Емельянова</surname><given-names>О. Ю.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><italic>32 Barnaulskaya St., Tyumen 625041</italic></p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><italic>625041 Тюмень, ул. Барнаульская, 32</italic></p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Fedorov</surname><given-names>N. M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фёдоров</surname><given-names>Н. М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><italic>54 Odesskaya St., Tyumen 625023</italic></p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><italic>625023 Тюмень, ул. Одесская, 54</italic></p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Frank</surname><given-names>E. M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Франк</surname><given-names>Е. М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><italic>32 Barnaulskaya St., Tyumen 625041</italic></p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><italic>625041 Тюмень, ул. Барнаульская, 32</italic></p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Dimitriadi</surname><given-names>D. G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Димитриади</surname><given-names>Д. Г.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><italic>32 Barnaulskaya St., Tyumen 625041</italic></p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><italic>625041 Тюмень, ул. Барнаульская, 32</italic></p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Multidisciplinary Clinical Medical Center «Medical City»</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ГАУЗ ТО «Многопрофильный клинический медицинский центр «Медицинский город»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Tyumen State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «Тюменский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-03-21" publication-format="electronic"><day>21</day><month>03</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>15</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>83</fpage><lpage>90</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-03-21"><day>21</day><month>03</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-03-21"><day>21</day><month>03</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Zvezda S.A., Emelyanova O.Y., Fedorov N.M., Frank E.M., Dimitriadi D.G.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Звезда С.А., Емельянова О.Ю., Фёдоров Н.М., Франк Е.М., Димитриади Д.Г.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zvezda S.A., Emelyanova O.Y., Fedorov N.M., Frank E.M., Dimitriadi D.G.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Звезда С.А., Емельянова О.Ю., Фёдоров Н.М., Франк Е.М., Димитриади Д.Г.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://onco-surgery.info/jour/article/view/785">https://onco-surgery.info/jour/article/view/785</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Background.</bold> Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are the most prevalent mesenchymal neoplasms of the gastrointestinal tract, although they account for only 1–2 % of all malignant tumors in the gastrointestinal tract. GISTs most commonly occur in individuals aged 40 to 80 and are primarily located in the stomach. Despite their low metastatic rate, GISTs can invade adjacent tissues, leading to significant clinical symptoms. Diagnosing these tumors is challenging and relies on microscopic and immunohistochemical examinations. This paper presents a clinical case of a patient with a giant gastric GIST, highlighting the importance of timely and accurate diagnosis for radical surgical intervention.</p><p><bold>Clinical case.</bold> A 59‑year-old female patient, referred to as Patient N., presented to the medical center with a retroperitoneal mass that was discovered during an evaluation after an episode of detected tachycardia. Ultrasonography and further diagnostic imaging revealed a large, heterogeneous mass closely adhering to the gastric wall. Initial biopsies did not yield sufficient material for analysis, prompting a diagnostic laparoscopy, which confirmed the presence of a multinodular tumor consistent with a gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) with high malignant potential. The patient was initiated on targeted therapy with Imatinib, but showed no signs of improvement. Consequently, an atypical gastrectomy and distal pancreatosplenectomy were performed. Post-operative confirmation of the GIST diagnosis was obtained. The patient continues with Imatinib targeted therapy to this day, with no signs of recurrence or disease progression observed.</p><p><bold>Conclusion.</bold> This case highlights the complexity of treating patients with GISTs, particularly in the context of the tumor’s genetic characteristics. Successful surgical intervention in the treatment of gastric GISTs is crucial when targeted therapy proves ineffective. The results emphasize the importance of a personalized approach to treating such tumors, including mandatory molecular testing (<italic>c-KIT, PDGFRA</italic>). Although adjuvant treatment with imatinib is effective for patients with mutations in the KIT and PDGFRA genes, its benefits are lacking in patients without such mutations or with mutations causing resistance to therapy. This underscores the significance of an individualized approach in selecting a treatment strategy.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Введение. </bold>Гастроинтестинальные стромальные опухоли (ГИСО) – наиболее часто встречающиеся мезенхимальные новообразования желудочно-кишечного тракта, хотя они составляют лишь 1–2 % всех злокачественных опухолей желудочно-кишечного тракта. Наиболее часто ГИСО встречаются в возрасте от 40 до 80 лет и располагаются преимущественно в желудке. Несмотря на низкую частоту метастазирования, ГИСО могут распространяться на соседние ткани, вызывая значительные клинические симптомы. Диагностика этих опухолей сложна и основывается на микроскопических и иммуногистохимических исследованиях. В данной работе мы приводим клинический случай пациентки с ГИСО желудка гигантских размеров и хотим отметить важность своевременной и правильной постановки диагноза для проведения радикального хирургического вмешательства.</p><p><bold>Клинический случай</bold>. Пациентка Н., 59 лет, обратилась в медицинский центр с диагнозом «новообразование забрюшинного пространства», обнаруженным в ходе обследования после выявленной тахикардии. Ультразвуковое исследование и дальнейшая диагностика выявили крупное негомогенное образование, тесно прилегающее к стенке желудка. Первоначальные биопсии не дали достаточного материала для анализа, поэтому выполнена диагностическая лапароскопия, подтвердившая наличие многоузловой опухоли, соответствующей ГИСО с высоким злокачественным потенциалом. Пациентке назначили таргетную терапию иматинибом, однако улучшения не было. В связи с этим проведены атипичная резекция желудка и дистальная панкреатоспленэктомия. После операции был подтвержден диагноз ГИСО. На сегодняшний день пациентка продолжает таргетную терапию иматинибом, признаков рецидива и прогрессирования не выявлено.</p><p><bold>Заключение.</bold> Данный случай подчеркивает сложность лечения пациентов с ГИСО, особенно в контексте генетических особенностей опухоли. Успешное выполнение хирургического вмешательства в лечение ГИСО желудка является ключевым, когда таргетная терапия оказывается неэффективной. Результаты подчеркивают важность индивидуализированного подхода к лечению подобных опухолей, обязательное выполнение молекулярных исследованияй (<italic>c-KIT, PDGFRA</italic>). Несмотря на то что адъювантное лечение иматинибом эффективно для пациентов с мутациями в генах <italic>KIT, PDGFRA</italic>, его польза отсутствует у пациентов без таких мутаций или с мутациями, вызывающими резистентность к терапии. Это подчеркивает значимость индивидуального подхода в выборе стратегии лечения.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>GIST</kwd><kwd>diagnosis</kwd><kwd>surgical treatment</kwd><kwd>targeted therapy</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ГИСО</kwd><kwd>диагностика</kwd><kwd>хирургическое лечение</kwd><kwd>таргетная терапия</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Dematteo R.P., Lewis J.J., Leung D. et al. 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