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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Surgery and Oncology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Surgery and Oncology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Хирургия и онкология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="electronic">2949-5857</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">779</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/2949-5857-2025-15-1-36-41</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL REPORTS</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Distal resection margin in colorectal surgery <italic>in vivo</italic> and after formalin fixation</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Дистальный край резекции в колоректальной хирургии <italic>in vivo</italic> и после формалиновой фиксации</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4143-2615</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gorbunova</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Горбунова</surname><given-names>А. C.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><italic>23 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522</italic></p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><italic>115522 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 23</italic></p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6123-3903</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Aniskin</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Анискин</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Alexander Alexandrovich Aniskin</bold></p><p><italic>23 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522</italic></p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Александр Александрович Анискин</bold></p><p><italic>115522 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 23</italic></p></bio><email>docaniskin@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8129-5394</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuzmichev</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузьмичев</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><italic>23 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522</italic></p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><italic>115522 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 23</italic></p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9289-1247</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Mamedli</surname><given-names>Z. Z.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мамедли</surname><given-names>З. З.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><italic>23 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522</italic></p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><italic>115522 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 23</italic></p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1148-8051</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Polynovsky</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Полыновский</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><italic>23 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522</italic></p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><italic>115522 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 23</italic></p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-3317-9543</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lovenger</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ловенгер</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><italic>23 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522</italic></p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><italic>115522 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 23</italic></p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-8860-8882</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Abdul</surname><given-names>F. M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Абдул</surname><given-names>Ф. М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><italic>23 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522</italic></p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><italic>115522 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 23</italic></p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">N. N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of the Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н. Н. Блохина» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-03-21" publication-format="electronic"><day>21</day><month>03</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>15</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>36</fpage><lpage>41</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-03-20"><day>20</day><month>03</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-03-20"><day>20</day><month>03</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, ABV-press</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, АБВ-пресс</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">ABV-press</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">АБВ-пресс</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://onco-surgery.info/jour/about/editorialPolicies</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://onco-surgery.info/jour/article/view/779">https://onco-surgery.info/jour/article/view/779</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Introduction. </bold>Historically, the standard for distal margin in rectal cancer surgery has been the 5 cm «rule». Currently, there is a trend to reduction the distal surgical margin. However, intraoperative specimen measurements and histological examination data differ. The phenomenon of surgical shrinkage plays a significant role, especially in determining the distal resection margin, as intraoperative data may not coincide with measurement after fixation of the specimen. Possible differences may lead to doubts about the oncological adequacy of the performed resection boundaries.</p><p><bold>Aim.</bold> To examine the shrinkage effect of distal resection margin in colorectal cancer after organ formalin fixation.</p><p><bold>Materials and methods.</bold> The prospective analysis included data of 20 patients with histologically confirmed rectal cancer and sigmoid cancer (adenocarcinoma G1–3) for whom surgical treatment is recommended. The distance between the lower edge of tumor to the distal resection margin was measured after resection (<italic>in vivo</italic>) and after 5–12 minutes after the last measurement. Then the determination of this distance was made after formalin fixation (<italic>in vitro</italic>).</p><p><bold>Results.</bold> The analysis revealed that the average shrinkage of the distal resection margin from in vivo to ex vivo was 30.5 mm (25,5 %) (<italic>p</italic> = 0.0001). The average shrinkage between in vivo and in vitro bowel samples was 51.0 mm.</p><p><bold>Conclusions.</bold> Measurement of the distal resection margin under different conditions influences the estimation of the oncological clearence in interpreting the results of pathological report and determining the results of treatment.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Введение.</bold> Исторически стандартом дистального отступа при хирургическом лечении рака прямой кишки являлось «правило 5 см». В настоящий момент имеется тенденция к сокращению дистального хирургического отступа. Однако интраоперационные измерения препарата и данные гистологического исследования имеют различия. Значительную роль играет явление хирургической усадки, в особенности при определении дистального края резекции, так как интраоперационные данные могут не совпадать с данными после фиксации препарата. Возможные различия могут привести к сомнениям в онкологической адекватности выполненных границ резекции.</p><p><bold>Цель исследования</bold> – изучение эффекта усадки дистального края резекции (DRM) при колоректальном раке после фиксации препарата в формалине.</p><p><bold>Материалы и методы.</bold> В проспективный анализ были включены 20 пациентов с гистологически верифицированным раком прямой и сигмовидной кишки (аденокарцинома G1–3), которым было проведено хирургическое лечение. Выполняли измерение расстояния от нижнего полюса опухоли до дистального края резекции сразу после отсечения (<italic>in vivo</italic>) и через 5–12 мин после последнего измерения (<italic>ex vivo</italic>). Далее проводили измерение данного параметра после фиксации препарата в формалине (<italic>in vitro</italic>).</p><p><bold>Результаты. </bold>При анализе было выявлено, что медиана усадки дистального края резекции от <italic>in vivo</italic> до <italic>ex vivo</italic> составила 30,5 мм (25,5 %) (<italic>p</italic> = 0,0001). Средняя усадка между <italic>in vivo</italic> и <italic>in vitro</italic> после фиксации формалином составила 51,0 мм (44,2 %).</p><p><bold>Заключение.</bold> Измерение дистального края резекции при различных условиях влияет на оценку онкологического клиренса при интерпретации результатов патоморфологического заключения и определении результатов лечения.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>rectal cancer</kwd><kwd>distal resection margin</kwd><kwd>shrinkage effect</kwd><kwd>formalin fixation</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>рак прямой кишки</kwd><kwd>дистальный край резекции</kwd><kwd>хирургическая усадка</kwd><kwd>формалиновая фиксация</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Martling A.L., Holm T., Rutqvist L.E. et al. Effect of a surgical training programme on outcome of rectal cancer in the County of Stockholm. 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