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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Surgery and Oncology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Surgery and Oncology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Хирургия и онкология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="electronic">2949-5857</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">551</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/2686-9594-2022-12-3-36-42</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL REPORT</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНОЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Efficiency of chemotherapy GemCap + mitotane as second and subsequent lines of therapy for metastatic adrenocortical cancer</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Эффективность химиотерапии по схеме GemCap + митотан во 2-й и последующих линиях лечения метастатического адренокортикального рака</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4108-439X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhulikov</surname><given-names>Ya. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жуликов</surname><given-names>Я. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yaroslav Аndreevich Zhulikov</p><p>24 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115478</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ярослав Андреевич Жуликов</p><p>115478 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24</p></bio><email>fyarikzhulikov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4763-7992</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kovalenko</surname><given-names>E. I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Коваленко</surname><given-names>Е. И.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>24 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115478</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115478 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9066-5190</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bokhyan</surname><given-names>V. Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бохян</surname><given-names>В. Ю.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>24 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115478</p><p>1 Ostrovityanova St., Moscow 117997</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115478 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24</p><p>117997 Москва, ул. Островитянова, 1</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3770-5173</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Khoroshilov</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хорошилов</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>24 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115478</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115478 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4205-9556</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Goryainov</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Горяинов</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>24 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115478</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115478 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1857-5083</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Roslyakova</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рослякова</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>11 Dmitriya Ulyanovа, Moscow 117292</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>117292 Москва, ул. Дмитрия Ульянова, 11</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2014-586X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Magamedova</surname><given-names>S. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Магамедова</surname><given-names>С. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>24 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115478</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115478 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5574-9970</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Evdokimova</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Евдокимова</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>24 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115478</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115478 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7728-9533</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Artamonova</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Артамонова</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>24 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115478</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115478 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24</p><p>117997 Москва, ул. Островитянова, 1</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">N. N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н. Н. Блохина» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">N. I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГАОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н. И. Пирогова» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">National Medical Research Center for Endocrinology, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр эндокринологии» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГАОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н. И. Пирогова» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2022-09-07" publication-format="electronic"><day>07</day><month>09</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>12</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>36</fpage><lpage>42</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2022-09-07"><day>07</day><month>09</month><year>2022</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2022-09-07"><day>07</day><month>09</month><year>2022</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2022, Zhulikov Y.A., Kovalenko E.I., Bokhyan V.Y., Khoroshilov M.V., Goryainov D.A., Roslyakova A.A., Magamedova S.S., Evdokimova E.V., Artamonova E.V.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2022, Жуликов Я.А., Коваленко Е.И., Бохян В.Ю., Хорошилов М.В., Горяинов Д.А., Рослякова А.А., Магамедова С.С., Евдокимова Е.В., Артамонова Е.В.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zhulikov Y.A., Kovalenko E.I., Bokhyan V.Y., Khoroshilov M.V., Goryainov D.A., Roslyakova A.A., Magamedova S.S., Evdokimova E.V., Artamonova E.V.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Жуликов Я.А., Коваленко Е.И., Бохян В.Ю., Хорошилов М.В., Горяинов Д.А., Рослякова А.А., Магамедова С.С., Евдокимова Е.В., Артамонова Е.В.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://onco-surgery.info/jour/article/view/551">https://onco-surgery.info/jour/article/view/551</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Background.</bold> Combination of gemcitabine, metronomic capecitabine and mitotane (GemCap + m) is the most studied regimen in second and subsequent lines of therapy for advanced adrenocortical cancer (ACC). Previously published studies do not give a definitive answer to the question- what plays a key role in realizing the response to treatment: chemotherapy or mitotane in therapeutic concentration.</p><p><bold>Aim.<italic> </italic></bold>Evaluation the efficacy and safety of GemCap + m combination with the standard dosing regimen of capecitabine in patients with metastatic ACC.</p><p><bold>Materials and methods. </bold>This retrospective single-center clinical study included patients over 18 years of age with histologically confirmed ACC with disease progression after completion of platinum-containing therapy. They received chemotherapy regimen gemcitabine 800 mg/m<sup>2</sup> for days 1, 8 and capecitabine 1000 mg/m<sup>2</sup> orally 2 times at days 1–14 of the 21-day cycle with mitotane. we evaluated objective response, stabilization of disease, 6-months disease control rate and median progression-free and overall survival. Radiological assessment according to RECIST 1.1 criteria was carried out every 6–8 weeks of treatment.</p><p><bold>Results.<italic> </italic></bold>The study included 25 patients. mitotane concentration above 14 ng/mL was achieved in 22 (88 %) patients, of which 21 (84 %) reached therapeutic concentration in previous treatment lines. 80 % of patients received treatment as 2<sup>nd</sup> line, 20 % as 3<sup>rd</sup> and subsequent lines. The objective responses and disease stabilization was observed in 1 (4 %) and 11 (44 %) of patients, respectively. Disease control for at least 6 months rate was 24 %. median progression-free and overall survival were 3.2 months and 12.17 months, respectively. Toxicity grade 3–4 was observed in 28 % of patients. gemcitabine dose reductions due to thrombocytopenia grade 1–2 were required in 2 cases (8 %), no capecitabine reductions were necessary.</p><p><bold>Conclusion.<italic> </italic></bold>This study demonstrates the effectiveness of a new dose regimen of chemotherapy GemCap + m in the second and subsequent lines of therapy for metastatic ACC. The progression of the disease against the background of previous lines of therapy at a therapeutic concentration of mitotane in the majority of patients indicates the effectiveness of the chemotherapeutic component of gemCap in a cohort of patients resistant to platinum and mitotane.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Введение.</bold> В терапии 2-й и последующих линий метастатического адренокортикального рака (АКР) наиболее изученной является комбинация гемцитабина, метрономного капецитабина и митотана (GemCap + m). Опубликованные ранее работы, посвященные изучению данного режима, не дают однозначного ответа на вопрос, что играет ключевую роль в реализации ответа на лечение: химиотерапия или митотан в терапевтической концентрации.</p><p><bold>Цель исследования </bold>– изучение эффективности и безопасности комбинации GemCap + m со стандартным режимом дозирования капецитабина у больных метастатическим АКР.</p><p><bold>Материалы и методы. </bold>В данное ретроспективное одноцентровое клиническое исследование включались пациенты старше 18 лет с гистологически подтвержденным АКР с прогрессированием заболевания после завершения платиносодержащей терапии. Пациенты получали лечение по схеме гемцитабин 800 мг/м<sup>2</sup> в 1-й и 8-й дни и капецитабин 1000 мг/м<sup>2</sup> внутрь 2 раза в сутки в 1–14-й дни 21-дневного цикла на фоне приема митотана. Нами были оценены частота ответа на лечение, медианы выживаемости без прогрессирования и общей выживаемости. Радиологическая оценка эффективности терапии по критериям RECIST 1.1 проводилась каждые 6–8 нед лечения.</p><p><bold>Результаты. </bold>В исследование включено 25 пациентов. концентрация митотана выше 14 нг/мл была достигнута у 22 (88 %) пациентов, из них у 21 (84 %) – до включения в исследование. большинство пациентов (80 %) получили лечение в качестве 2-й линии, 20 % – в качестве 3-й и последующих. у 1 (4 %) пациента наблюдался частичный ответ, у 11 (44 %) – стабилизация заболевания. Частота клинической эффективности составила 24 % (<italic>n</italic> = 6), медиана выживаемости без прогрессирования и общей выживаемости – 3,2 и 12,17 мес соответственно. Нежелательные явления III–Iv степени зарегистрированы у 28 % пациентов. Редукция дозы гемцитабина в связи с тромбоцитопенией I–II степени потребовалась в 2 (8 %) случаях; редукция дозы капецитабина не требовалась.</p><p><bold>Выводы. </bold>В данной работе продемонстрирована эффективность нового дозового режима химиотерапии по схеме GemCap + m во 2-й и последующих линиях лечения метастатического АКР. у большинства пациентов в нашем исследовании прогрессирование заболевания отмечалось на фоне предыдущих линий терапии при уже достигнутой терапевтической концентрации митотана, что свидетельствует об эффективности именно химиотерапевтической составляющей GemCap при резистентности к препаратам платины и митотану.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>adrenocortical cancer</kwd><kwd>gemcitabine</kwd><kwd>capecitabine</kwd><kwd>GemCap</kwd><kwd>mitotane</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>адренокортикальный рак</kwd><kwd>гемцитабин</kwd><kwd>капецитабин</kwd><kwd>GemCap</kwd><kwd>митотан</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">1. 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