Surgery and OncologySurgery and OncologyХирургия и онкология2949-5857Publishing House ABV Press53610.17650/2686-9594-2022-12-2-36-45LITERATURE REVIEWОБЗОР ЛИТЕРАТУРЫNeoadjuvant therapy for locally advanced rectal cancerНеоадъювантная терапия при местно-распространенном раке прямой кишкиFedyaninM. Yu.ФедянинМ. Ю.
Russian Federation

Mikhail Yuryevich Fedyanin

24 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115478

Михаил Юрьевич Федянин

115478 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24

fedianinmu@mail.ruTryakinA. A.ТрякинА. А.
Russian Federation

24 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115478

115478 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24

N. N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of RussiaФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н. Н. Блохина» Минздрава России0506202212236450506202205062022Copyright ©; 2022, Fedyanin M.Y., Tryakin A.A.Copyright ©; 2022, Федянин М.Ю., Трякин А.А.2022Fedyanin M.Y., Tryakin A.A.Федянин М.Ю., Трякин А.А.https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0https://onco-surgery.info/jour/article/view/536

By the beginning of the 2000s, oncologists have developed a standard algorithm for the management of patients with locally advanced rectal cancer. It includes preoperative chemoradiotherapy followed by surgery 6–8 weeks after chemoradiotherapy completion. However, there was no clear evidence indicating the efficacy of adjuvant chemotherapy in this clinical situation. In recent decades, the concept of neoadjuvant treatment for locally advanced colon cancer changed due to an opportunity to perform hypofractionated radiotherapy and conduct chemotherapy in the preoperative stage. This literature review aims to summarize the results of studies analyzing neoadjuvant therapy for locally advanced colon cancer, as well as to compare the efficacy and tolerability of various therapeutic options currently available for this group of patients.

К началу 2000‑х годов сформировался определенный стандарт ведения пациентов с местно-распространенным раком прямой кишки – проведение предоперационной химиолучевой терапии с последующим, через 6–8 нед. с момента окончания лучевой терапии, хирургическим лечением. При этом четких данных, указывающих на эффективность адъювантной химиотерапии в данной клинической ситуации, получено не было. Однако за последние десятилетия концепция неоадъювантного лечения больных местно-распространенным раком толстой кишки поменялась за счет как более широкого применения гипофракционирования в лучевой терапии, так и переноса химиотерапевтического лечения с послеоперационного на предоперационный этап. Целью данного обзора литературы является изучение результатов исследований, посвященных неоадъювантному лечению при местно-распространенном раке толстой кишки, и сравнение эффективности и переносимости различных опций, которые имеются в настоящее время у онколога в лечении данной группы пациентов.

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