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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Surgery and Oncology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Surgery and Oncology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Хирургия и онкология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="electronic">2949-5857</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">461</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/2686-9594-2020-10-1-11-19</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL REPORT</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНОЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Emergency surgeries for rectal cancer complicated by intestinal obstruction: long-term outcomes and prognostic factors</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Экстренные хирургические вмешательства при раке прямой кишки, осложненном кишечной непроходимостью: отдаленные результаты и прогностические факторы</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1832-5255</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shchaeva</surname><given-names>S. N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Щаева</surname><given-names>С. Н.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>28 Krupskoy St., Smolensk 214019, Russia</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Россия, 214019 Смоленск, ул. Крупской, 28</p></bio><email>shaeva30@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kazantseva</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Казанцева</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>40 Frunze St., Smolensk 214004, Russia</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Россия, 214004 Смоленск, ул. Фрунзе, 40</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gordeeva</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гордеева</surname><given-names>E. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>28 Krupskoy St., Smolensk 214019, Russia</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Россия, 214019 Смоленск, ул. Крупской, 28</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Smolensk State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «Смоленский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Clinical Hospital No. 1</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ОГБУЗ «Клиническая больница № 1»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2020-08-29" publication-format="electronic"><day>29</day><month>08</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>10</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>11</fpage><lpage>19</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2020-08-28"><day>28</day><month>08</month><year>2020</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2020-08-28"><day>28</day><month>08</month><year>2020</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2020, Shchaeva S.N., Kazantseva E.A., Gordeeva E.V.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2020, Щаева С.Н., Казанцева Е.А., Гордеева E.В.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shchaeva S.N., Kazantseva E.A., Gordeeva E.V.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Щаева С.Н., Казанцева Е.А., Гордеева E.В.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://onco-surgery.info/jour/article/view/461">https://onco-surgery.info/jour/article/view/461</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>The aim of the study:</bold> to examine the indicators of relapse-free survival and evaluate prognostic factors that had the greatest impact on relapse- free survival in patients with rectal cancer complicated by obstructive obstruction and undergoing emergency surgery.</p><p><bold>Materials and methods.</bold> The analysis of the immediate and long-term results of treatment – relapse-free survival of patients undergoing emergency surgery for rectal cancer complicated by obstructive obstruction in general surgical and specialized hospitals in Smolensk from 2001 to 2017 is presented. Relapse-free survival was analyzed by the Kaplan–Meier method. To determine the influence of potential risk factors on the rate of occurrence of the studied event, Cox regression was used.</p><p><bold>Results.</bold> Postoperative complications of the III–IV degree according to Clavien–Dindo were more common in patients undergoing emergency surgery for complicated rectal cancer in general surgical hospitals (p = 0.0056). In specialized hospitals, anastomosis leakage in 5.3 % (1 of 19 cases), in general surgical hospitals – 16.3 % (9 of 55 cases). Five-year relapse-free survival in general surgical hospitals at the IIB stage was 18.3 %, median survival – 32 months; in specialized hospitals at stage IIB 5‑year relapse-free was 45.8 %, median survival – 52 months (p = 0.028 and 0.011, respectively). A multivariate analysis confirmed the influence of the following factors on the performance of a 5‑year relapse-free survival: hospital specialization (risk ratio (RR) 1.35; 95 % confidence interval (CI) 1.18–1.55; p &lt;0.001), type of surgery – one-stage operations (RR 1.13; 95 % CI 1.05–1.22; p = 0.001), the presence of metastases in the lymph nodes (RR 0.77; 95 % CI 0.71–0.84; p &lt;0.0001), the number of examined lymph nodes (RR 0.79; 95 % CI 0.72–0.87; p &lt;0.001).</p><p><bold>Conclusions.</bold> It is advisable to carry out two-stage surgical treatment with the formation of a colostomy at the first stage; the main stage of radical intervention should be performed in a specialized hospital.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Цель исследования</bold> – изучить показатели безрецидивной выживаемости (БРВ) и оценить оказавшие наибольшее влияние на них прогностические факторы у больных раком прямой кишки, осложненным обтурационной непроходимостью, перенесших экстренные хирургические вмешательства.</p><p><bold>Материалы и методы.</bold> Представлен анализ непосредственных и отдаленных результатов лечения – БРВ больных, перенесших экстренные хирургические вмешательства по поводу рака прямой кишки, осложненного обтурационной непроходимостью, в обще- хирургических и специализированных стационарах г. Смоленска с 2001 по 2017 г. БРВ анализировали методом Каплана–Мейера. Для определения влияния потенциальных факторов риска на скорость наступления изучаемого события использовали регрессию Кокса.</p><p><bold>Результаты.</bold> В исследование было включено 333 пациента: 113 получали лечение в специализированных стационарах, 220 – в общехирургических. Послеоперационные осложнения III–IV степени тяжести по классификации Clavien–Dindo чаще встречались у пациентов, перенесших экстренные хирургические вмешательства по поводу осложненного рака прямой кишки в общехирургических стационарах (p = 0,0056). В специализированных стационарах несостоятельность анастомоза отмечалась в 5,3 % (1 из 19) случаев, в общехирургических стационарах – в 16,3 % (9 из 55) случаев. Пятилетняя БРВ в общехирургических стационарах при IIВ стадии заболевания составила 18,3 % с медианой выживаемости 32 мес, а в специализированных стационарах при IIВ стадии – 45,8 % с медианой выживаемости 52 мес (p = 0,028 и 0,011 соответственно). Многофакторным анализом было подтверждено влияние следующих факторов на показатели 5‑летней БРВ: специализация стационара (отношение рисков (ОР) 1,35; 95 % доверительный интервал (ДИ) 1,18–1,55; p &lt;0,001), тип хирургического вмешательства – одноэтапные операции (ОР 1,13; 95 % ДИ 1,05–1,22; p = 0,001), наличие метастазов в лимфатических узлах (ОР 0,77; 95 % ДИ 0,71–0,84; p &lt;0,0001), количество исследованных лимфатических узлов (ОР 0,79; 95 % ДИ 0,72–0,87; p &lt;0,001).</p><p><bold>Выводы.</bold> Целесообразно проводить двухэтапное оперативное лечение с формированием на 1‑м этапе колостомы, и основной этап радикального вмешательства должен быть выполнен в специализированном стационаре.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>rectal cancer</kwd><kwd>obstructive obstruction</kwd><kwd>emergency surgery</kwd><kwd>relapse-free survival</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>рак прямой кишки</kwd><kwd>обтурационная непроходимость</kwd><kwd>экстренные хирургические вмешательства</kwd><kwd>безрецидивная выживаемость</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Situation with cancer care in Russia in 2017. 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