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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Surgery and Oncology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Surgery and Oncology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Хирургия и онкология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="electronic">2949-5857</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">291</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/2220-3478-2019-9-2-47-61</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL REPORT</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНОЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Outcomes of sphincter-sparing surgeries in patients with rectal cancer: long-term experience of a specialized clinic</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Результаты сфинктеросохраняющих операций у больных раком прямой кишки на этапах хирургического и комбинированного лечения: многолетний опыт специализированной клиники</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6831-6971</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Tamrazov</surname><given-names>R. I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тамразов</surname><given-names>Р. И.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>24 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115478</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Расим Ильхамович Тамразов</p><p>115478 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24</p></bio><email>oncopro@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Barsukov</surname><given-names>Yu. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Барсуков</surname><given-names>Ю. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>24 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115478</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115478 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9289-1247</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Mamedli</surname><given-names>Z. Z.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мамедли</surname><given-names>З. З.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>24 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115478</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115478 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Aliev</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Алиев</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>24 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115478</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115478 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivanov</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иванов</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>24 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115478</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115478 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н.Н. Блохина» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2019-06-16" publication-format="electronic"><day>16</day><month>06</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>9</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>47</fpage><lpage>61</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2019-06-16"><day>16</day><month>06</month><year>2019</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2019-06-16"><day>16</day><month>06</month><year>2019</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2019, Tamrazov R.I., Barsukov Y.A., Mamedli Z.Z., Aliev V.A., Ivanov V.A.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2019, Тамразов Р.И., Барсуков Ю.А., Мамедли З.З., Алиев В.А., Иванов В.А.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Tamrazov R.I., Barsukov Y.A., Mamedli Z.Z., Aliev V.A., Ivanov V.A.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Тамразов Р.И., Барсуков Ю.А., Мамедли З.З., Алиев В.А., Иванов В.А.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://onco-surgery.info/jour/article/view/291">https://onco-surgery.info/jour/article/view/291</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Background.</bold> In this article, we analyze a 30-year experience of treating patients with rectal cancer and outcomes of sphincter-sparing surgeries (SSS) with manual coloanal anastomosis or mechanical colorectal anastomosis combined with various therapies.</p><p><bold>Objective:</bold> to optimize the indications for SSS considering tumor stage, treatment strategy, and overall performance status of a patient.</p><p><bold>Materials and methods</bold>. We analyzed short-term and long-term treatment outcomes of 1,440 patients with stage T2—3N0—2M0 rectal adenocarcinoma who underwent both surgery and various neoadjuvant therapies. A total of1,038 SSS were included into the final analysis. Four hundred and eighty-one patients underwent anterior rerections (AR) with mechanical anastomosis; 557patients underwent abdominoanal resections (AAR) with manual coloanal anastomosis; of them, 289 individuals had modified abdominoanal resection.</p><p><bold>Results.</bold> The overall frequency of postoperative complications after SSS was 24.3 %. The frequency of anastomosis leakage after AAR and AR was 9.5 % and 15 % respectively. Among patients with middle rectal cancer, there was no association between the type of surgery (AR or AAR) and the probability of relapse (p = 0.1823). In the subgroup with lower rectal cancer, patients that underwent abdominoperineal resection were more likely to have a relapse than those who underwent AAR (p = 0.042). The five-year overall survival rate reached 80 % in the group of SSS and 71 % in the group of abdominoperineal resection (p = 0.013). Year-on-year analysis of relapse-free survival after SSS demonstrated that it had significantly increased (from 63.5 % to 72.5%; p = 0.00077). The complex of rehabilitation measures in the early postoperative period after SSS ensures good functional effect in 51.5 % of cases.</p><p><bold>Conclusions.</bold> SSS planning should be considered from the standpoint of clinical experience as well as multivariate analysis of short-term and long-term treatment outcomes. Successful outcomes can be achieved by a combination of adequate surgical techniques and conservative rehabilitation even in patients with very low rectal cancer. Such combination ensures not only good cancer outcome, but also satisfactory functional results.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Введение.</bold> В статье представлен 30-летний опыт лечения больных раком прямой кишки, проанализированы результаты сфинктеросохраняющих операций (ССО) при различных методах лечения с формированием ручного колоанального и аппаратного колоректального анастомоза.</p><p><bold>Цель исследования</bold> — оптимизировать показания к выполнению ССО с учетом стадии опухолевого процесса, различных вариантов лечения и функционального статуса.</p><p><bold>Материалы и методы</bold>. Проведен анализ непосредственных и отдаленных результатов терапии 1440 пациентов с аденокарциномой прямой кишки стадии T2—3N0—2M0, которым проводилось как хирургическое лечение, так и различные варианты неоадъювантного воздействия. Анализу подвергнуты 1038 ССО. Чрезбрюшные резекции с механическим формированием анастомоза (ЧР) выполнены у 481 больного, брюшно-анальные резекции с ручным колоанальным анастомозом (БАР) — у 557 пациентов, из них в модифицированном варианте — у 289 пациентов.</p><p><bold>Результаты.</bold> Общая частота послеоперационных осложнений после выполнения ССО составила 24,3 %. Частота несостоятельности анастомоза после БАР и ЧР составила 9,5 и 15 % на всю группу. Частота рецидивов у больных среднеампулярным раком достоверно не отличалась в зависимости от вида операций, в том числе не было различий при выполнении ЧР или БАР (р = 0,1823). Среди больных раком нижнеампулярного отдела прямой кишки рецидивы достоверно чаще развивались после брюшно-промежностной экстирпации по сравнению с БАР (р = 0,042). Пятилетняя общая выживаемость в группе ССО составила 80 %, в группе брюшно-промежностной экстирпации — 71 % (р = 0,013). Безрецидивная выживаемость после ССО при анализе по годам достоверно увеличилась с 63,5 до 72,5 % (р = 0,00 077). Комплекс реабилитационных мероприятий в раннем послеоперационном периоде после перенесенных ССО позволяет достигнуть положительного эффекта по функциональным показателям в среднем в 51,5 %.</p><p><bold>Выводы.</bold> Планирование ССО следует рассматривать с позиций опыта клиники, многофакторного анализа непосредственных и отдаленных результатов лечения. Их выполнение возможно даже при ультранизкой локализации опухолевого процесса при сочетании комбинированного лечения, качественной хирургической техники и консервативных методов реабилитации, что позволяет достигнуть не только положительного онкологического результата, но и удовлетворительных функциональныхрезультатов.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>rectal cancer</kwd><kwd>sphincter-sparing surgery</kwd><kwd>anastomosis</kwd><kwd>abdominoanal resections</kwd><kwd>anterior resections</kwd><kwd>abdominoperineal resection</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>рак прямой кишки</kwd><kwd>сфинктеросохраняющие операции</kwd><kwd>анастомоз</kwd><kwd>брюшно-анальные резекции</kwd><kwd>чрезбрюшные резекции</kwd><kwd>брюшно-промежностная экстирпация</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">.	Miles W.E. 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