Surgery and OncologySurgery and OncologyХирургия и онкология2949-5857Publishing House ABV Press16410.17650/2220-3478-2016-6-1-36-42REVIEWОБЗОРЫ ЛИТЕРАТУРЫTransanal surgery in the treatment of rectal tumorsТрансанальные операции в лечении опухолей прямой кишкиMel’nikovP. V.МельниковП. В.
Russian Federation

6 Karbysheva St., Balashikha, Moscow region, 143900

143900, Московская область, Балашиха, ул. Карбышева, 6

drmelnikov84@gmail.comSavenkovS. V.СавенковС. В.
Russian Federation

6 Karbysheva St., Balashikha, Moscow region, 143900

143900, Московская область, Балашиха, ул. Карбышева, 6

KannerD. Yu.КаннерД. Ю.
Russian Federation

27 Istra Settlement, p/o Stepanovskoe, Krasnogorsk district, Moscow region, 143423

143423, Московская область, Красногорский район, п/о Степановское, пос. Истра, 27

Eres’koD. V.ЕреськоД. В.
Russian Federation

6 Karbysheva St., Balashikha, Moscow region, 143900

143900, Московская область, Балашиха, ул. Карбышева, 6

TamrazovR. I.ТамразовР. И.
Russian Federation

24 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow, 115478

115478, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 23

Moscow Regional Oncologic DispensaryГБУЗ МО «Московский областной онкологический диспансер»City Clinical Hospital No 62, Moscow Healthcare DepartmentГАУЗ г. Москвы «Московская городская онкологическая больница № 62» Департамента здравоохранения г. МосквыN.N. Blokhin Russian Cancer Research Center, Ministry of Health of RussiaФГБУ «РОНЦ им. Н.Н. Блохина» Минздрава России260420166136422604201626042016Copyright ©; 2016, ABV-pressCopyright ©; 2016, АБВ-пресс2016ABV-pressАБВ-прессhttps://onco-surgery.info/jour/about/editorialPolicieshttps://onco-surgery.info/jour/article/view/164

In last two decades, transanal endoscopic microsurgery (TEM) in treatment of both benign and malignant tumor of rectum is actively developing. The aim of this review was to describe the current status of transanal interventions. Due to the low level of recurrens (mean about 6 %) TEM has become the method of choice for removal of rectal adenomas. Several studies have demonstrated the benefits of treatment TEM in cases of early T1 cancer compared to conventional resection. However, for more invasive adenocarcinomas performing TEM remains controversial, but it’s very promising method for the complex treatment. Just as transanal mesorectal exision in treatment of mid- and low rectal cancer as a new strategy – natural orifice transluminal surgery. However, it lack of evidence base and international experience in small series presented, so large randomized trials is needed.

В последние два 10-летия активно развивается методика трансанальных эндоскопических операций (ТЭО) в лечении как доброкачественных, так и злокачественных опухолей прямой кишки. Цель данного обзора – описать текущий статус трансанальных вмешательств. ТЭО стала методом выбора для удаления «распластанных» аденом прямой кишки за счет низкой частоты рецидивирования (в среднем около 6 %). В ряде исследований показана ее эффективность в лечении раннего рака прямой кишки стадии рТ1 по сравнению с традиционными резекциями. Однако для более распространенных аденокарцином ТЭО остается противоречивой, но очень перспективной методикой в плане комплексного лечения. Новой стратегией – хирургией через естественные отверстия – стала трансанальная мезоректумэктомия при нижне- и среднеампулярном раке. Но до получения результатов рандомизированных исследований этот метод не может быть рекомендован к применению в рутинной практике, несмотря на оптимистичные результаты некоторых вмешательств.

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